Contents

The following links connect to my teaching notes for my study on Philippians. These notes were added during the week before each study and are only part of the conversation/study that occurs live and in person at our Bible study. Although they are raw (watch out for typos), I hope these notes provide insights and fuel further study on your part.  - JG

The book of Philippians is one of the Apostle Paul's most heartfelt letters. It is a rich source of theological insight and practical Christian living. Written approximately A.D. 60-62 while Paul was under house arrest in Rome, this epistle is addressed to the Christian community in Philippi, a city in the district of Macedonia, which is present-day Greece. Philippians stands out for its emphasis on joy, humility, and the example of Christ, themes that are as relevant today as they were in the first century.

Historical Context

Understanding the historical context of Philippi is essential to grasp the full depth of Paul's letter. Philippi was a Roman colony founded by Philip II of Macedon, the father of Alexander the Great, and later established as a major city by the Romans after the Battle of Philippi in 42 B.C. Its status as a Roman colony meant that its citizens enjoyed privileges, including Roman citizenship, which influenced the social and economic dynamics of the city. It was to this diverse and strategically located community that Paul first brought the gospel on European soil (Acts 16:12-40), establishing the church during his second missionary journey.  See Wikipedia article.

Structure and Content

The letter to the Philippians is intimate and personal, reflecting the deep bond between Paul and the Philippian believers. It can be divided into several key sections:

• Introduction (1:1-11): Paul expresses his gratitude and affection for the Philippians, emphasizing their partnership in the gospel.

• Paul's Circumstances (1:12-26): He shares his current situation, his imprisonment, and his unwavering commitment to Christ, seeing every circumstance as an opportunity to advance the gospel.

• Exhortations to Humility and Unity (1:27-2:18): Paul urges the Philippians to live lives worthy of the gospel, highlighting Jesus' humility and obedience as the ultimate model.

• Timothy and Epaphroditus (2:19-30): He commends Timothy and Epaphroditus, two men embodying the service and sacrifice Paul promotes.

• Warnings and Exhortations (3:1-4:1): Paul warns against legalism and those who seek righteousness through the law, contrasting it with the righteousness that comes through faith in Christ.

• Joy and Peace in Christ (4:2-9): He addresses specific conflicts within the community, reiterates his call for rejoicing in the Lord, and advises on how to maintain peace.

• Thanks for the Philippians' Support (4:10-20): Paul expresses gratitude for the financial support he received from the Philippians, emphasizing his contentment in Christ.

• Final Greetings (4:21-23): The letter concludes with personal greetings and blessings.

Themes

Several themes permeate the book of Philippians, including joy amid suffering, the pursuit of humility through the imitation of Christ, and the importance of unity among believers. Paul's focus on joy, despite his imprisonment, challenges readers to find their deepest satisfaction in Christ rather than in circumstances. His portrayal of Jesus in the famous Christological hymn (Philippians 2:6-11) as the ultimate example of humility and obedience serves as a central theological foundation for Christian ethics and spirituality.

Teaching Implications

The book of Philippians offers a wealth of material for exploring early Christian identity, spirituality, and ethics. It provides a lens through which to examine the interplay between the Gospel and secular culture, the nature of Christian community and leadership, and the transformative power of redemption both individually and in society. We are encouraged to reflect on the relevance of Paul's message for contemporary Christian life, particularly the call to joy, resilience, and unity in the face of personal and communal challenges.

Engaging with Philippians, therefore, is not just an academic exercise but an invitation to enter into a deeper understanding of the Christian faith and its implications for life in the world today.

The Roman Empire, renowned for its vast expanse and sophisticated administrative framework, founded colonies across its domains for strategic, economic, and social purposes. These colonies acted as miniature replicas of Rome, set up to secure conquered lands, disseminate Roman culture, and allocate land to legion veterans.

General Functioning of Roman Colonies

• Strategic and Military Purposes: Colonies secured Roman control over territories and served as military outposts.

• Social and Economic Integration: They facilitated the spread of Roman customs and laws, aiding in the integration and economic unity of the empire.

• Land Distribution: Veterans were often rewarded with land in the colonies, ensuring a loyal Roman presence.

• Local Governance: Colonies had their own local government structures mirroring Rome's, though they remained under imperial control.

• Legal Status: Colony citizens enjoyed Roman citizenship, granting them legal and commercial privileges.

The Roman Colony in Philippi

Philippi, a city in Macedonia, showcases the role and functioning of a Roman colony. Refounded as a Roman colony after Octavian's victory in 42 BC, it was strategically placed on the Via Egnatia, making it a vital military and economic hub.

• Strategic Importance: Its location facilitated movement and trade across the empire.

• Veteran Settlement: The city was settled by veterans, stabilizing and securing the region.

• Economic Activity: Philippi prospered through agriculture, mining, and trade.

• Legal and Social Structure: Its citizens enjoyed Roman citizenship and were governed by Roman law.

• Religious and Cultural Life: Philippi is notable in Christian history for its early Christian community established by Paul the Apostle.

In summary, Roman colonies like Philippi were instrumental in the empire's expansion, serving as military bases, cultural centers, and economic hubs. Philippi's strategic, economic, and cultural importance highlights the multifaceted role of these colonies within the Roman Empire.

Acts 16

Apostle Paul's Calling to Philippi and the Establishment of the Church

Vision of the Man from Macedonia (Acts 16:9-10)

• Divine Calling to Macedonia: The journey starts with Paul and his team being divinely directed to Macedonia after being forbidden by the Holy Spirit to preach in Asia and Bithynia. In Troas, Paul has a vision of a Macedonian man pleading for help, leading to their immediate departure to Philippi, a leading city in Macedonia.

Conversion of Lydia (Acts 16:14-15)

• Lydia's Conversion: In Philippi, Lydia, a merchant dealing in purple cloth, and her household are converted to Christianity following Paul's preaching. Lydia's conversion is significant for her and her household's baptism and her offering of hospitality to Paul and his companions.

Paul and Silas in Prison (Acts 16:16-34)

• Imprisonment and Miraculous Release: After healing a slave girl with a spirit of divination, Paul and Silas (one of Paul's many ministry associates) are imprisoned. A miraculous earthquake frees them, leading to the conversion of the jailer and his household after they choose not to escape and instead share the Gospel.

Establishment of the Church in Philippi (Acts 16:40)

• The foundation of the Philippian Church: The conversion of Lydia, the slave girl, and the jailer and his household mark the beginning of the Philippian church. Despite opposition, these events contribute to the formation of a strong Christian community, which Paul later addresses in his affectionate Letter to the Philippians.

Departure from Philippi (Acts 16:35-40)

• Paul and Silas's Release and Departure: Asserting their rights as Roman citizens, Paul and Silas are publicly escorted out of prison by the magistrates. Before leaving Philippi, they visit Lydia's house to encourage the believers, demonstrating the deep bond formed with the Philippian church.

Paul's Trip to Philippi in Acts 16

• Initial Visit and Founding of the Church: Paul's first visit to Philippi during his second missionary journey, prompted by a vision, leading to the founding of the church in Philippi.

• Key Events:

  • Conversion of Lydia: The first European convert to Christianity.

  • Imprisonment and Earthquake: Leading to the conversion of the jailer and his household.

• Outcome: Establishment of one of the earliest Christian communities in Europe, marked by affection and mutual support.

Paul's Trip to Philippi in Acts 20

• Later Visit: A later visit during Paul's third missionary journey, as he was returning to Jerusalem with the offering for the believers there.

• Context and Purpose: Paul's journey aimed to reach Jerusalem by the day of Pentecost, with fewer details on specific events in Philippi.

• Key Event:

  • Farewell to the Ephesian Elders: A heartfelt farewell speech, warning them of future trials.

Differences Between the Visits

• Purpose and Activities: The first visit was foundational with significant evangelistic efforts, whereas the later visit focused on Paul's journey back to Jerusalem.

• Impact and Legacy: The initial visit marked the beginning of a strong community and relationship, while the later visit reflected ongoing pastoral care without detailed activities in Philippi.

Philippians 1
1 Paul and Timothy, servants of Christ Jesus,
To all God’s holy people in Christ Jesus at Philippi, together with the overseers and deacons
2 Grace and peace to you from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.

IDENTIFICATION: Paul identifies Timothy as co-author of the letter and immediately identifies themselves as slaves of Christ. The first order of business was their name and their identity as slaves of Christ. This is how it all starts, with submission to Jesus our Lord.

I. Definition and Translation of "δοῦλος"

1. Greek term "δοῦλος"

2. English translations: "Servant" or "Slave"

The term δοῦλος (doulos) in Philippians 1:1, as well as throughout the New Testament, carries profound significance. Translated into English as "servant" or "slave," δοῦλος conveys a deep sense of belonging and submission to a master. In the context of Philippians 1:1, Paul and Timothy refer to themselves as δοῦλοι of Christ Jesus, emphasizing their complete dedication and obedience to Him.

This self-designation is rich with theological and practical implications for understanding Christian life. It highlights a voluntary, total surrender to Jesus, acknowledging His supreme authority and lordship. This concept is central to Pauline theology, reflecting a radical reorientation of one's life to serve Christ above all else.

In the Roman world, a δοῦλος was someone who belonged entirely to their master, without personal rights or autonomy. Paul's use of δοῦλος to describe his relationship with Christ utilizes this cultural understanding to illustrate the depth of his commitment to serving God. However, unlike the often harsh realities of slavery in the ancient world, being a δοῦλος of Christ is portrayed as a position of honor, chosen freely and marked by love, service, and the promise of eternal fellowship with God.

This concept also speaks to the Christian community's identity, suggesting that all believers are called to adopt a posture of humility, service, and total reliance on Christ. It challenges followers of Jesus to consider the extent of their devotion and to live lives that reflect complete trust in and obedience to God's will.

In summary, δοῦλος in Philippians 1:1 encapsulates a key aspect of Christian discipleship and identity, emphasizing servitude to Christ as the defining characteristic of the believer's life. This entails a joyful submission to God's authority, characterized by a willingness to follow His lead and serve His purposes above personal desires or ambitions.

The Choice:  Seeking to be Served or Seeking to Serve

The contrast between practicing religion to receive from God versus being a δοῦλος (doulos), which emphasizes giving to God and one another, highlights a fundamental choice in the Christian journey: the choice between being served and serving. This distinction is crucial in understanding and teaching the message of Philippians 1:1, where Paul and Timothy identify themselves as δοῦλοι of Christ Jesus, signaling a life devoted not to personal gain but to selfless service. 

We must break free from the COCA - The Consumer Oriented Church of America

Being Served: Seeking Personal Gain

Danger: The approach of seeking personal gain from religious practice focuses on personal benefits, blessings, and answers to prayers. It is characterized by a consumer mentality towards God and faith.

Scriptural Warning: Jesus warns against this attitude in Matthew 6:31-33 (NIV), emphasizing seeking God's kingdom and righteousness above all else, rather than focusing on personal needs and desires.

Serving: Giving to God and One Another

Opportunity: Being a δοῦλος to Christ involves a commitment to serving God and others, reflecting Jesus' own example and teachings. This path emphasizes self-sacrifice, humility, and the well-being of the community over personal desires.

Biblical Basis:

Philippians 2:3-4  Paul urges believers to value others above themselves, looking to the interests of others as a manifestation of being in Christ.

Mark 10:45  Jesus describes His own mission as serving and giving His life as a ransom for many, setting the ultimate example of service over being served.

John 13:14-15 After washing His disciples' feet, Jesus instructs them to follow His example of humble service, emphasizing the call to serve rather than to be served.

Making the Choice

The choice between being served and serving is a defining aspect of Christian discipleship. Philippians 1:1, by presenting Paul and Timothy as δοῦλοι of Christ, sets the tone for understanding this choice as central to the Christian identity and mission.

Choosing to Serve: Embracing the role of a δοῦλος means prioritizing the needs of others and dedicating oneself to God's purposes, mirroring Christ's own life of service.

Impact on Community: This choice fosters a community built on mutual care, love, and humility, reflecting the kingdom of God on earth as it is in heaven.

The distinction between seeking to be served and choosing to serve is fundamental in the Christian faith. Paul's message in Philippians 1:1, and throughout his letters, calls believers to embrace a life of service as δοῦλοι of Christ. By following Jesus' example, Christians are invited to make the radical choice to serve, thereby participating in God's transformative work in the world. This choice not only aligns with the teachings of Jesus but also challenges and enriches the believer's faith journey, offering a more profound, fulfilling way to live out one's faith.

Dig Deeper: Bond Slave 

In Biblical times the servant and master would forge a relationship over six years.  If the slave was acceptable to the master he could then become a bond slave.  Our Master, Jesus does not require us to earn our position with Him but welcomes us to deep love and calling of a bond slave to Him.  He loves us, embraces us, provides for us, and brings us into His household. 

II. Significance of δοῦλοι in Philippians 1:1

1. Paul and Timothy as "δοῦλοι" of Christ Jesus

2. Indication of complete and willing submission to Christ's authority

3. Symbol of obedience and allegiance to Christ

4. Reflection of self-identification with Christ's humility

III. The concept of "δοῦλος" is connected to the Broader Themes in Philippians

1. Christ taking the form of a "δοῦλος" (Philippians 2:5-8)

2. Emphasis on humility and self-emptying

Philippians 2:5-8
5 In your relationships with one another, have the same mindset as Christ Jesus:
6 Who, being in very nature God,
    did not consider equality with God something to be used to his own advantage;
7 rather, he made himself nothing
    by taking the very nature of a servant,
    being made in human likeness.
8 And being found in appearance as a man,
    he humbled himself
    by becoming obedient to death—
        even death on a cross!

Implications of "δοῦλος"
Complete submission and dedication of the believer to Christ
Illustration of Christian identity in the kingdom of God
Symbol of profound commitment, obedience, service, and total dependency on Christ

To all God’s holy people in Christ Jesus at Philippi, together with the overseers and deacons.

God’s Holy People in Christ Jesus at Philippi: This phrase refers to all the believers in the city of Philippi who have been sanctified or set apart by their faith in Jesus Christ. The term "holy people" (often translated as "saints" in other versions) does not imply that these individuals were perfect or without sin, but rather that they were consecrated to God through their relationship with Christ. It emphasizes their identity as members of the body of Christ and their separation from the world's sinful values.

Examples of Paul's use of the word ἅγιος:

Romans 1:7 - "To all in Rome who are loved by God and called to be his holy people: Grace and peace to you from God our Father and from the Lord Jesus Christ."

1 Corinthians 1:2 - "To the church of God in Corinth, to those sanctified in Christ Jesus and called to be his holy people, together with all those everywhere who call on the name of our Lord Jesus Christ—their Lord and ours:"

2 Corinthians 1:1 - "Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God, and Timothy our brother, To the church of God in Corinth, together with all his holy people throughout Achaia:"

Ephesians 1:1 - "Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God, To God’s holy people in Ephesus, the faithful in Christ Jesus:"

Colossians 1:2 - "To God’s holy people in Colossae, the faithful brothers and sisters in Christ: Grace and peace to you from God our Father."

Together with the Overseers and Deacons: This addition highlights the inclusion of specific leadership roles within the Philippian church. "Overseers" (often synonymous with "elders" in the New Testament) were responsible for the spiritual oversight and shepherding of the congregation. They were tasked with teaching, leading, and protecting the church members. "Deacons" were servants or ministers within the church who took care of practical needs, ensuring that the physical care and administrative tasks within the church were handled efficiently.

Grace and Peace to you from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.

"Grace and peace to you" is a recurring greeting in Paul's epistles and carries significant meaning in the context of his letters. The greeting is not merely a kind salutation but embodies deep theological truths about the relationship between God and believers.

1. "Grace": The Greek word for grace is "χάρις" (charis). In the New Testament, grace is commonly understood as the unmerited favor of God towards humans. It is a divine gift that cannot be earned. It is through grace that believers receive salvation and every spiritual blessing in Christ. When Paul begins his letters with "Grace to you," he is invoking the favor and blessings of God upon his readers, reminding them of the divine grace they have received through faith in Jesus Christ.

The concept of gift or χάρισμα (charisma) is derived from the word grace. 

2. "Peace": i-ray'-nay The term "peace" translates to the Greek word "εἰρήνη" (eirene), which carries connotations of tranquility, harmony, and wholeness. It is often seen as the equivalent of the Hebrew term "shalom." In the biblical context, peace is not merely the absence of conflict but a holistic sense of well-being and harmony in one's relationship with God. It is a state that transcends the struggles and tribulations of the world. The peace Paul refers to is the peace with God and the peace of God, attained through Jesus Christ.

The Power of a Godly Greeting
By greeting his readers with "Grace and peace to you," Paul reminds them of the abundant life in Christ. It underscores the belief that these blessings come from "God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ," reaffirming the source of blessings. This greeting sets the tone for the rest of his letter, emphasizing God's grace and peace as the foundational principles of Christian life. We have lost the ancient art of godly greetings and blessings.

Dig Deeper:  The Power of a Spoken Blessing 

Partnership in the Gospel Means Jesus Finishes What He Starts

Philippians 1   3 I thank my God every time I remember you. 4 In all my prayers for all of you, I always pray with joy 5 because of your partnership in the gospel from the first day until now, 6 being confident of this, that he who began a good work in you will carry it on to completion until the day of Christ Jesus.

The book of Philippians is very relevant to our lives in many ways.

God is:

• Building the life of Jesus in us: unity and joy.

• Teaching us: How to live as citizens of Heaven here on Earth.

• Connecting us: That we may live as the colony of Heaven in our lost culture.

• Helping us in the face of opposition: We can overcome just as the Philippian church did.

• Making us world changers: The Philippian church changed their world and so will we.

Paul Describes the Past, the Present, and the Future of the partnership in the gospel.

Past - Years of labor, sacrifice, and commitment.

• Memories flooded with joy.

• Partners from the first day

Never underestimate the power of long-term relationships.

1. Beginning of the Partnership: Paul's Arrival in Philippi

   - During Paul's second missionary journey (Acts 16:11-12)

   - He meets Lydia, a seller of purple cloth and a worshiper of God

   - Lydia and her household receive Paul's message and are baptized (Acts 16:14-15)

2. Strengthening of the Partnership: The Conversion of the Jailer. All social strata reached!

   - Paul and Silas are imprisoned (Acts 16:24-25)

   - An earthquake opens the prison doors (Acts 16:26)

   - The jailer and his household believe in the Lord Jesus and are baptized (Acts 16:25-34)

This is what God is doing in your lives.  He began a good work in you and now He is strengthening it.

Present - Continuing with the gospel and preparing for a glorious future.

• Partners now

• Not just the good old days, not “give me that old-time religion.”

Future - Confidence for an amazing future based on partnership.

• The good work will be carried on to completion by Jesus.

• This work will continue until the day of Christ Jesus

In an ungodly, fractured, broken world God has called us to Partnership

As Paul spoke to the Philippian church he spoke to Christians whose society was similar to ours: Expressions of division and allegiance to various leaders, groups, and philosophies in the Roman culture are quite similar to our secular culture.

• “Partnership” is the Greek word κοινωνία koinōnia which means fellowship, association, community, communion, joint participation, and intimacy.

• Joy comes from partnership in the Gospel.

• We can learn how to relate to our culture from the book of Philippians.  From a culture of partnership we can speak life to a divided culture.

• The Roman culture was secularized and divided like our culture is.

• The Philippian church reached their culture we will as well.

We can say to one another: “I am your partner in the gospel and together Jesus will complete the good work He has started in us!”

It’s more than Jesus is my personal savior (it starts that way but we must then get connected).

• The way you win them is the way you keep them.

• Programs could not happen during the pandemic. Many who connected to the church through programs never returned.

• Those who were connected through relationships returned.

• God is looking for a people who He can build a church that will become pandemic-proof, recession-proof, war-proof, natural disaster-proof, and any other circumstance that would disrupt society.

As I mentioned:  Our culture is like the Roman culture the Philippians lived in.

Here are some comparisons between our culture and Roman culture:

1. Political Allegiances and Conflicts: 

• First-century Roman colonies like Philippi often centered politics around individuals, not structured parties.

• The empire often changed leaders through assassination. At least 15 Roman emperors were assassinated!

• Allegiance was typically given to influential figures.

• This is similar to today's personality-driven politics in America, where support is often for the leader's persona, not just their policies.

2. Social and Economic Stratification: 

• Roman society had clear class divisions, like patricians, equestrians, plebeians, and slaves.

• Modern American society also has divisions along socioeconomic lines and race.

• The disparities between the rich and the poor, along with debates over income inequality and social mobility, are similar to the struggles faced in the Roman world.

3. Cultural and Ethnic Diversity: 

• The Roman Empire, like America today, was a mixture of cultures, languages, and religions.

• This diversity is often celebrated but can also lead to tensions, misunderstandings, and divisions, as it did in places like Philippi.  Diversity is one thing, unity in diversity is a whole other league this is what the early church had and what God intends to build into every church.

4. Philosophical Disagreements: 

• Various schools of thought competed for followers in ancient Rome, just as they do in America today.

• From differing economic theories to contrasting views on human nature and ethics, American society is in constant debate and conflict.

The Needs of the Unchurched

These divisions remind us of: What seeking people COME TO THE CHURCH WITH (today is no different from Roman times):

Deep in their souls, people are desperately craving healing from:

• The wounds of division and partisanship.

• Being in a defensive posture in fear of being hurt.

• Lack of trust

• Loneliness

• The need to be loved

• Security and connection.

The Church is where people can be healed from the wounding factions and disagreements in our culture.  

• We are partners in the Gospel of Christ.

• We welcome people to partner with us in Christ.

• We are a place of transparency, openness, and healing.

• We can trust others as we grow in Christ.

• We offer a place people can call home.

All of this is true of churches that are not divided. Divided churches are unable to grow into these virtues.

Just like it was in Roman culture, when people come to the church today, Partnership is foreign to most people.

• Most people have never heard of the joy of partnership we have in Christ.  They are alone.

When someone comes to this church seeking God we have two powerful messages for them:

• You can have peace with God and the blessing of eternal life. BUT THAT’S NOT ENOUGH WE MUST TELL THEM:

• YOU ARE NOT ALONE, you have a family in which you can grow in the life of Jesus

• When someone walks through the doors of this church they have two questions:

• How can I get right with God?

• Where is my family?

AS THE BODY OF CHRIST WE HAVE THE ANSWERS TO BOTH OF THOSE QUESTIONS!

NOTHING HAS CHANGED IN 2000 YEARS - SAME NEEDS, SAME GOD WHO MEETS THEM

• The words "partnership" and "partisanship" share some similar roots but they are very different in their meanings and usages.

• Both words stem from the concept of a "part" or "portion."

• "Partnership" focuses on mutual sharing and collaboration.

• "Partisanship" is divisive and has more to do with a strong allegiance to a specific party, cause, or person.

There's no place for partisanship in the church, yet it tries to creep into every church in order to destroy unity.

Our calling is to introduce people to Jesus and help them grow into Partnership in the Gospel.

• This is because our culture has embraced the opposite of partnership…partisanship.

• As people convert to Jesus, God converts their lives to partisanship.  

• God uses you to help people by ministering the life of Jesus to them through you.

The World is in Desperate Need of a Revival of true Partnership, Community, and Fellowship:  κοινωνία koinōnia

• God is calling the Church back to partnership.

• Partnership in the Gospel is the supernatural work of Christ in our lives.

• It is His blessing for us and for a lost world!

Covid was very hard on many churches, yet it provided a reset that we should take advantage of.

• Many disconnected people did not come back after Covid.

• In many churches, a small core of Partners remains.

• The downsizing of many churches is a call to deeper places as Partners in the Gospel.

• As we grow in our Partnership, we grow in our ability to receive, nurture, and heal those wounded by the divisions in our culture.  THIS IS ESSENTIAL FOR FUTURE AUTHENTIC CHURCH GROWTH!

• God is calling people from the hurt, brokenness, and pain of a partisan society to the healing, wholeness, and life of communities of believers who are Partners in the Gospel.

• We should make the most of this season as God prepares us to rebound and reach our culture.

• Let’s not forget the joy that comes with our partnership in the gospel.

Philippians 1:3-6

3 I thank my God every time I remember you. 4 In all my prayers for all of you, I always pray with joy 5 because of your partnership in the gospel from the first day until now, 6 being confident of this, that he who began a good work in you will carry it on to completion until the day of Christ Jesus.

Jesus finishes what He Starts!!! God’s work is being brought to completion:

• In our lives.

• In this church.

• In the greater Church of Jesus Christ.

• And in our world.

Action Steps

• Ask yourself: “How can I relate to my brothers and sisters as a partner of the Gospel?”

• Ask the Lord: “Help me to partner with You and my brothers and sisters.”

• “I am your partner in the gospel and together Jesus will complete the good work He has started in us.  I love you!”

Activation

• Within the next seven days find three people in the church (preferably your family and closest friends). Go to each of them and say: “I am your partner in the gospel and together Jesus will complete the good work He has started in us.”

Philippians 1:7-11 7 It is right for me to feel this way about all of you since I have you in my heart and, whether I am in chains or defending and confirming the gospel, all of you share in God’s grace with me. 8 God can testify how I long for all of you with the affection of Christ Jesus.

9 And this is my prayer: that your love may abound more and more in knowledge and depth of insight, 10 so that you may be able to discern what is best and may be pure and blameless for the day of Christ, 11 filled with the fruit of righteousness that comes through Jesus Christ—to the glory and praise of God.

The Way Things Should Be

Paul said: It is right for him to feel “this way.” In other words,  "This is the way things should be!"

Paul was thankful for the Philippian church, full of joy in all his prayers, and confident of the good work that would be completed by Jesus as a result of partnership in Christ. Whatever state Paul was in (free or in prison) he affirmed that the believers shared in God’s grace. God has called us to live this Christian life full of thankfulness, joy, and grace! We don’t just live this life alone, but we share it.

A longing for ALL OF YOU with the affection of Christ Jesus. 

The love for the Philippians was deep. Our love for one another must be as deep as the love of Jesus. In reality…our love for one another is the “affection of Christ.” It is the love of Jesus flowing into us and through us. 

Bowels!!! KJV 8 For God is my record, how greatly I long after you all in the bowels of Jesus Christ. 

We have already contrasted and compared the similarities and differences between the Roman colony and the Christian colony. What the Roman colony did not have is the love of Christ. This is the very thing that changed the world and caused Christianity to become dominant.

As the church, we must know who and what we are.

We are partners fitted together in Christ, members of God’s Kingdom growing together in His love, grace, and favor as we transform our culture. The key to all of this is the Love of Christ. 

To be all we can be in Jesus, churches and individuals should periodically conduct a “love audit.” 

• An audit is a formal examination of an organization's or individual's accounts or financial situation. 

• We audit everything else: Money, utilities, equipment, etc. 

• Our most valuable human resource as a church…LOVE is rarely if ever audited. 

• A love audit is a critical part of the ministry of reconciliation 1 Corinthians 5:16-21 

• This is not necessarily a formal activity but a constant mindset. We need to know how well we love and make any needed improvements.

Questions for the church: 

• How fervent is our love for God and each other? How well do we love one another? 

• How well do we love those God is sending to us? How well do we love our community? Who amongst us is in desperate need of love? 

• Are there conflicts and disputes in the body that are preventing us from moving forward? Do we long for each other with the affection of Christ Jesus? 

Questions for Individuals: 

• When I walked in here today, did I feel love for my brothers and sisters? 

• Do I miss my church family when I am away from them? 

• When was the last time I spoke loving and encouraging words to people in my church family? 

• Do I diligently get to know people in my church? 

• Do I feel comfortable sharing my struggles with others in my church? 

• Do I feel like I can be myself around people in my church? 

• Am I willing to forgive others in my church when they hurt me? 

• Do I pray for people, by name, in my church regularly? 

• Do I serve others in my church? 

• Do I feel like I belong in my church or am I just showing up?

God wants to transform us

Paul’s Prayer 1:9-11 This makes a good prayer guide for praying for one another for transformation. 

That their love would abound more and more. 

• In knowledge. 

• In depth of insight. 

So that you may be able to discern what is best and may be pure and blameless for the day of Christ. 

• Blameless means: not causing to stumble. 

Filled with the fruit of righteousness that comes through Jesus Christ—to the glory and praise of God. 

• Fruit is often used in the Bible to represent the result or outcome of one's actions or behaviors. 

The result of our righteous lives which are reconciled to Jesus will be. 

• The colony of Heaven here on Earth full of the love and the affection of Jesus. 

• The church will be a place of forgiveness, healing, and reconciliation. 

• We will live in amazing joy.

Becoming PARTNERS IN GRACE and in the Unifying Power of Love Means We FORGIVE, FORGET, and SEND SIN AWAY

This is the fruit of righteousness that comes through Jesus  v. 11 

God removes our sins beyond our reach. 

Psalm 103 11 For as high as the heavens are above the earth, so great is his love for those who fear him; 12 as far as the east is from the west, so far has he removed our transgressions from us.

God hurls our iniquities into the depths of the sea. 

Micah 7:18-19  18 Who is a God like you, who pardons sin and forgives the transgression of the remnant of his inheritance? You do not stay angry forever but delight to show mercy. 19 You will again have compassion on us; you will tread our sins underfoot and hurl all our iniquities into the depths of the sea.

God requires that we make things right with one another. 

Matthew 5:23-24  23 “Therefore, if you are offering your gift at the altar and there remember that your brother or sister has something against you, 24 leave your gift there in front of the altar. First, go and be reconciled to them; then come and offer your gift.

Modern context: if you come in here to worship and remember that your brother or sister has something against you go make it right with them before you continue with worshiping.

We need to send away the effects and control of sins committed against us. 

Matthew 6:14-15   14 For if you forgive other people when they sin against you, your heavenly Father will also forgive you. 15 But if you do not forgive others their sins, your Father will not forgive your sins.

ἀφίημι aphiēmi the root word is to send. In this case, forgive means to send away. It’s not just saying “sorry.” We must send the sin and the associated emotions away. This is usually hard. Get help! Pray with someone about it. This means we must FORGIVE, FORGET, and SEND THE SIN AWAY

What goes away with your sins AND UNFORGIVENESS is FEAR - FALSE EVIDENCE APPEARING REAL

Matthew 6:14-15 Amplified Bible, Classic Edition 14 For if you forgive people their trespasses [their reckless and willful sins, leaving them, letting them go, and giving up resentment], your heavenly Father will also forgive you. 15 But if you do not forgive others their trespasses [their reckless and willful sins, leaving them, letting them go, and giving up resentment], neither will your Father forgive you your trespasses.

Conclusion:

Paul expresses his deep affection and gratitude for the Philippian believers, praying for their love to abound more and more with knowledge and insight, so they may discern what is best and be pure and blameless until the day of Christ, filled with the fruit of righteousness that comes through Jesus Christ.

Based on Philippians 1:7-11, we should live with a deep sense of gratitude and love for one another, seeking to grow in knowledge and insight, so we can discern what is best, live pure and blameless lives, and bear the fruit of righteousness through Jesus Christ.

Review

Philippians 1:1-2 Intro to Philippians

• Paul and Timothy’s identity as slaves of Christ

• Speaking the blessings of Grace and Peace

Philippians 1:3-6 Partnership in the Gospel Means Jesus Finishes What He Starts

• 3 I thank my God every time I remember you. 4 In all my prayers for all of you, I always pray with joy 5 because of your partnership in the gospel from the first day until now, 6 being confident of this, that he who began a good work in you will carry it on to completion until the day of Christ Jesus.

Philippians 1:7-11 Partners in Grace: The Unifying Power of Love

• Paul longed for the Philippians with the affection of Christ.

• 8 God can testify how I long for all of you with the affection of Christ Jesus. 9 And this is my prayer: that your love may abound more and more in knowledge and depth of insight, 10 so that you may be able to discern what is best and may be pure and blameless for the day of Christ, 11 filled with the fruit of righteousness that comes through Jesus Christ—to the glory and praise of God.

Philippians 1:12-18 Living in Freedom: Focus on the ESSENTIALS Reject the DETRIMENTAL

12 Now I want you to know, brothers and sisters, that what has happened to me has actually served to advance the gospel. 13 As a result, it has become clear throughout the whole palace guard and to everyone else that I am in chains for Christ. 14 And because of my chains, most of the brothers and sisters have become confident in the Lord and dare all the more to proclaim the gospel without fear. 15 It is true that some preach Christ out of envy and rivalry, but others out of goodwill. 16 The latter do so out of love, knowing that I am put here for the defense of the gospel. 17 The former preach Christ out of selfish ambition, not sincerely, supposing that they can stir up trouble for me while I am in chains. 18 But what does it matter? The important thing is that in every way, whether from false motives or true, Christ is preached. And because of this, I rejoice. Yes, and I will continue to rejoice.

Paul was under house arrest in Rome.  

Acts 28   30 For two whole years Paul stayed there in his own rented house and welcomed all who came to see him. 31 He proclaimed the kingdom of God and taught about the Lord Jesus Christ—with all boldness and without hindrance!

• Although incarcerated, Paul chose to live in freedom.

• Although most likely chained to a Roman guard, this was the best of Paul’s imprisonments.

• Regardless of the physical limitations placed on him, Paul freely ministered the Gospel, living out his destiny in Christ.

• Even though there were those who opposed him, Paul continued to rejoice and live in freedom.

• Wherever we find ourselves in life, God desires to give us freedom as we embrace the essentials of our Christian lives and reject that which is detrimental to a victorious life in Jesus.

Living in Freedom:  Focus on the ESSENTIALS Reject the DETRIMENTAL

FOCUS ON THE ESSENTIALS of Destiny, Purpose, and Blessing.

• Partnership with Christ enables you to find His destiny in every circumstance and condition of your life.

• Paul said, What has happened to me has actually served to advance the Gospel.  The Lord is teaching us to say the same thing.

• We must be able to find God and His purposes in every circumstance. Especially the tough ones.

• The enemy wants to hijack your destiny and cause you to speak a negative word about your life.

• God’s plan is that we focus beyond our circumstances to His Destiny, Purpose, and Blessing.

• The enemy’s plan is to focus on our circumstances and wallow in failure.

• Instead of asking God, How did I end up here?  We should ask, What have you called me to do in this place? and Lord, how can I manifest the fruit of the Spirit where you have placed me?

Galatians 5 the Fruit of the Spirit

22 But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, forbearance, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, 23 gentleness, and self-control. Against such things, there is no law. 24 Those who belong to Christ Jesus have crucified the flesh with its passions and desires. 25 Since we live by the Spirit, let us keep in step with the Spirit.

FOCUS ON THE ESSENTIALS of Destiny, Purpose, and Blessing to glorify God and reach the lost.

• As a result of knowing our DESTINY and PURPOSE in life, other PEOPLE FIND OUT ABOUT JESUS.

• What is happening on the inside is displayed on the outside.

Luke 6:45 A good man brings good things out of the good stored up in his heart, and an evil man brings evil things out of the evil stored up in his heart. For the mouth speaks what the heart is full of.

Proverbs 27:19 As water reflects the face, so one’s life reflects the heart.

Knowing our destiny and purpose in Christ empowers us to witness as an overflow of our lives and removes guilt caused by works-based evangelism or service.

• How we feel about evangelism is a dashboard light going off telling us that changes are needed.

• God is right with us to change our thoughts and actions about evangelism

FOCUS ON THE ESSENTIALS of Destiny, Purpose, and Blessing for confidence

• When we are in partnership with Jesus and face adversity,  He empowers us with fearless confidence.

As we mature in partnership with Christ and one another we mature and together become more like Jesus.  We mature because of the life of Jesus flowing into us and through us as partners in Christ.

Here is what we proclaim: (This is the cry of our hearts when we face adversity as partners of Christ)

• I want to be who Jesus made me to be.

• I want everyone in my life to know that I not only believe in Jesus but I am placed in their lives because of Jesus and His love for them.

• I want my fellow believers to be more confident and activated to proclaim the Gospel because of the way I live my life, regardless of where God places me.

Even though he was in prison Paul's life was an example that served to activate the believers in Philippi to move in confidence and power and take their region for Christ.

REJECT THE DETRIMENTAL: Because of Paul’s Focus He Was Able to Ignore Negative Circumstances

We often find ourselves in very difficult circumstances and ask the question why am I here?

While Paul was incarcerated there were opportunists with false motives who had infiltrated the church.

• Paul made a decision not to focus on the detrimental.

• He was incarcerated and could have felt helpless to deal with this situation. Yet in this time, he wrote the Prison Epistles:  Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, Philemon

• WE HAVE NO IDEA WHAT GOOD IS COMING OUT OF OUR TIMES OF LIMITATION

• Paul focused on the positive and discussed those who were preaching out of love and goodwill.

• Paul also acknowledged the Gospel was powerful and life-changing even when preached by those with false motives.

12 Now I want you to know, brothers and sisters, that what has happened to me has actually served to advance the gospel. 13 As a result, it has become clear throughout the whole palace guard and to everyone else that I am in chains for Christ. 14 And because of my chains, most of the brothers and sisters have become confident in the Lord and dare all the more to proclaim the gospel without fear.

15 It is true that some preach Christ out of envy and rivalry, but others out of goodwill. 16 The latter do so out of love, knowing that I am put here for the defense of the gospel. 17 The former preach Christ out of selfish ambition, not sincerely, supposing that they can stir up trouble for me while I am in chains. 18 But what does it matter? The important thing is that in every way, whether from false motives or true, Christ is preached. And because of this, I rejoice. Yes, and I will continue to rejoice.

Paul Chose to Push Away the Detrimental

• What we do not push away will define and control us.

• If we are not careful negative words and actions of others can become the walls of our own prison.

• By pushing away the detrimental we choose FREEDOM OVER BONDAGE.

What Paul Pushed away:

• Bad motivations of others: Paul acknowledges that some people preach Christ out of envy, rivalry, or selfish ambition. However, he does not let their motivations affect his own ministry or joy.

• Personal attacks: Some people were preaching Christ thinking it would afflict or distress Paul while he was in prison. However, he did not let this affect him negatively.

• Negative circumstances: Paul was in prison when he was writing this, which would certainly be a negative circumstance. Despite this, he focused on the positive aspect that Christ was being proclaimed.

• The insincerity of others: There were those who were not sincere in their preaching, possibly seeking to gain personal advantages. Yet, he didn't allow their insincerity to disturb him.

How are we, with God’s help going do this?

Choose a Life of Freedom by Focusing on the Essentials and Rejecting the Detrimental

The essentials of your life in Christ.

• Relationship with Jesus.

• Identity from Jesus Christ.

• Fellowship in His body.

• Destiny in this life and for all eternity.

Commit to removing everything detrimental so you can live in the realm of the essentials.

THIS PROCESS BEGINS WITH OUR IDENTITY - when we are saved God makes us His sons and daughters

• We deserve His blessings because we are His children.    

• When you were lost God pursued you with His love until He won your heart - that’s how much He loves you.

• You are not “just adopted.”  We are free from every lie of the past.

• Psalm 68:6  God sets the lonely in families

• The key pivot point in focusing on the essential and rejecting the detrimental is to know who you are in Jesus! Your God-given identity.

• Don't be a saint who identifies as a sinner.

When we live in our identity we can fearlessly overcome the detrimental things in our lives:

1. Identity is key to overcoming fear: A clear understanding of our identity is essential to living fearlessly. Fear often arises when we don't know who we are or why we are here. 1 Peter 2:9, But you are a chosen people, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, God’s special possession, that you may declare the praises of him who called you out of darkness into his wonderful light.

2. Our identity is rooted in God's unconditional love: Our true identity is found in God's unconditional love for us. We can anchor our identity in this truth, rather than in our achievements, possessions, or relationships. Ephesians 2:4-5, But because of his great love for us, God, who is rich in mercy, made us alive with Christ even when we were dead in transgressions—it is by grace you have been saved.

3. Our identity is not determined by our past: Our past mistakes and failures do not define us. We should let go of shame and guilt and embrace the truth of our identity in Christ. 2 Corinthians 5:17, Therefore, if anyone is in Christ, the new creation has come: The old has gone, the new is here!

4. Our identity affects our behavior: Our behavior is strongly influenced by our identity. We should align our actions with our true identity and let go of any false beliefs or behaviors that are not consistent with who we are. Ephesians 4:22-24, You were taught, with regard to your former way of life, to put off your old self, which is being corrupted by its deceitful desires; THE DETRIMENTAL  to be made new in the attitude of your minds; and to put on the new self, created to be like God in true righteousness and holiness. THE ESSENTIAL

5. We can live fearlessly when we know our identity: When we have a clear understanding of our identity, we can live fearlessly and pursue our goals with confidence and courage. We should embrace our true identity and live boldly in the world. 2 Timothy 1:7, For the Spirit God gave us does not make us timid, but gives us power, love, and self-discipline.

Recommended Book:  Living Fearless: Exchanging the Lies of the World for the Liberating Truth of God by Jamie Winship

TODAY WE CAN TRULY REJOICE IN WHAT GOD IS DOING IN US:

• INDIVIDUALLY WE CAN LIVE IN FREEDOM JUST LIKE PAUL

• CORPORATELY AS A CHURCH, WE CAN BE LIKE THE PHILIPPIAN CHURCH AND EXPERIENCE UNITY AND POWER THAT ENABLE US TO GLORIFY GOD AND REACH A LOST WORLD.  

• BY FOCUSING ON THE ESSENTIALS AND REJECTING THE DETRIMENTAL YOU HAVE AN AMAZING FUTURE LAID OUT BEFORE YOU. THIS IS THE VERY GIFT THAT JESUS CHRIST IS GIVING TODAY!

1 Peter 2:9 … You are a chosen people, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, God’s special possession, that you may declare the praises of him who called you out of darkness into his wonderful light.

Philippians 1:19-26

19 for I know that through your prayers and God’s provision of the Spirit of Jesus Christ what has happened to me will turn out for my deliverance. 20 I eagerly expect and hope that I will in no way be ashamed, but will have sufficient courage so that now as always Christ will be exalted in my body, whether by life or by death. 21 For to me, to live is Christ and to die is gain. 22 If I am to go on living in the body, this will mean fruitful labor for me. Yet what shall I choose? I do not know! 23 I am torn between the two: I desire to depart and be with Christ, which is better by far; 24 but it is more necessary for you that I remain in the body. 25 Convinced of this, I know that I will remain, and I will continue with all of you for your progress and joy in the faith, 26 so that through my being with you again your boasting in Christ Jesus will abound on account of me.

What probably happened:  

Apostle Paul's first imprisonment in Rome occurred around 60-62

• During this time, he was under house arrest, able to receive visitors and preach.

• He wrote the "prison epistles" (Ephesians, Philippians, Colossians, and Philemon) during this period.

It is conjectured that Paul's second imprisonment in Rome happened approximately between 64-67 AD.

• Paul was a repeat offender for preaching the Gospel.

• Paul's second imprisonment, under Emperor Nero's reign, was likely harsher.

• Paul is believed to have written his second letter to Timothy during this time.

• According to tradition, Paul was martyred during this second imprisonment.

Paul made a Proclamation from Prison

• During this his first extended imprisonment, Paul wondered if he would live or die.

• Paul wondered how he should feel about living or dying.

• Through a download from Heaven and Partnership with his fellow believers, he committed to fulfilling His calling on earth.

• His commitment was based on the powerful statement:  

For to me, to live is Christ and to die is gain.

Determination, Perspective, and Fulfillment

• The prayers and partnership of the Philippian church and the Spirit of Christ empowered Paul to a place of DETERMINATION.

• Based on the powerful phrase: “For to me, to live is Christ and to die is gain.” Paul embraced PERSPECTIVE about life and death which gave him the power to pivot into God’s intentions for him.

• As a result of determination and perspective, Paul was able to move into FULFILLMENT of his purposes on earth.

Paul's life, along with his relationship with the Philippian church, are powerful examples for us as we move forward in our Christian journey in today's world.

DETERMINATION

Determination in times of Difficulty 19-20

19 for I know that through your prayers and God’s provision of the Spirit of Jesus Christ what has happened to me will turn out for my deliverance. 20 I eagerly expect and hope that I will in no way be ashamed, but will have sufficient courage so that now as always Christ will be exalted in my body, whether by life or by death.

Paul’s DETERMINATION was fueled by…Two very powerful things:

• Prayers and partnership with the Philippian church.

DETERMINATION is the outgrowth of partnership in Christ that we discussed in 1:4-6 

3 I thank my God every time I remember you. 4 In all my prayers for all of you, I always pray with joy 5 because of your partnership in the gospel from the first day until now, 6 being confident of this, that he who began a good work in you will carry it on to completion until the day of Christ Jesus.

• Provision (supply) of the Spirit of Jesus Christ (partnership)

• The word for provision (ἐπιχορηγία epichorēgia) in the original is only used one other place in the NT.

• Ephesians 4 16 From him the whole body, joined and held together by every supporting ligament, grows and builds itself up in love, as each part does its work.

• Paul taught that the Holy Spirit imparts both vertically and also horizontally through His people. He was now the recipient of what he preached. WHAT HE IMPARTED TO THE CHURCH WAS NOW COMING BACK TO HIM THROUGH THE MINISTRY OF THE LOCAL BODY. Even from afar.

• As individuals and the church, we must be very intentional about a church culture where the Provision/Supply of the Spirit of Jesus Christ occurs both vertically and horizontally.  In our individualistic culture, the horizontal nature of God’s work in our lives is often lost.  Because of this we can miss out on the “provision” of the Spirit of Jesus as God intended for us .

It is critical for the future of every church that we have the provision of the Spirit of Jesus Christ.

• For growth and development as individuals.

• For growth and development as a body.

• For the development of those God is sending to the church who will be transformed from darkness to light.

The Results of Prayer, Partnership, and Provision are: EXPECTATION and HOPE

(As opposed to the evil twins of DREAD AND DOUBT).

20 I eagerly expect and hope that I will in no way be ashamed, but will have sufficient courage so that now as always Christ will be exalted in my body, whether by life or by death.

• No shame - but sufficient courage that Christ would be exalted in his body in life or death.

• Sufficient courage (original language: freedom to speak with fearless confidence) παρρησία  parrēsia

The word παρρησία (parrhēsía) is a Greek term that appears in the New Testament, including in Philippians 1:20. It is often translated into English as "boldness," "confidence," "frankness," or "freedom of speech."

The term παρρησία has a rich cultural and philosophical background in ancient Greece. It was used in the context of public speaking in the democratic city-states, where it referred to the right or privilege to speak openly and frankly, even in the face of power. It was a key concept in the democratic process, as it allowed citizens to express their views and criticisms without fear of retribution.

Paul's prayer was for this level of communication as he was about to stand trial in Rome.

The ability to powerfully communicate for Jesus is available to us through the provision of the Spirit of Jesus, the Holy Spirit.  As we seek God and relate to one another spiritually as the family of God, He empowers us with the courage to speak fearlessly.   ➡THIS IS Horizontal and Vertical impartation.   

PERSPECTIVE

Perspective enables you to Pivot away from internal conflict 

21 For to me, to live is Christ and to die is gain.

• The ability to pivot is essential in many aspects of life: business, sports, relationships, investments, health…

• When we understand the blessing of living in Christ and dying in Christ we can pivot into the right place that is God calling us to.

• ➡When we understand the concept of, “to live is Christ and to die is gain” we have the spiritual, emotional, and mental clarity to pivot away from inner turmoil and conflict.

• We clarify life now and life in eternity

In Philippians 1:22-24, Paul, with great transparency reveals a deep internal conflict:

22 If I am to go on living in the body, this will mean fruitful labor for me. Yet what shall I choose? I do not know! 23 I am torn between the two: I desire to depart and be with Christ, which is better by far; 24 but it is more necessary for you that I remain in the body.

• He desires to depart and be with Christ, which he sees as far better.

• He recognizes the need for his continued presence and ministry among the believers.

Paul does not imply that he has the personal power to decide whether he lives or dies.

• The phrase "What shall I choose?" is Paul’s way of expressing his inner struggle, not a literal statement about his ability to choose his fate.

• We know this because, throughout his letters, Paul consistently acknowledges: His life is in God's hands. God is the ultimate determiner of his path.

Paul's "choice" is more about his emotional and spiritual preference, not a literal choice between life and death.

• He expresses his longing for the heavenly reward of being with Christ.

• He recognizes the earthly good he can still do through his ministry.

Paul’s ultimate decision, as expressed in verses 25-26, was to:

• Focus on the needs of the Philippians.

• Further the Gospel.

• Trust God with his life and his future.

Sometimes we struggle as Paul did:  It’s the emotional battle of continuing forward in this life.

• We can get so weary that we say, “Take me home Jesus.”

• Or worse yet we can get apathetic.

• The perspective of “to live is Christ and to die is gain” enables us to get our mind, soul, and spirit in the right place. Which enables us to serve the Lord with joy and purpose.

How Paul pivoted.

• Powerful Prayer: The prayers of the Philippian church.

• Horizontal and Vertical Impartation: The provision of the Spirit of Jesus Christ through connection to Christ and His body.

• Fulfillment of calling and connection:  Paul stated, “I will continue with all of you for your progress and joy of faith.”

In life, we all pivot from time to time. Our pivot point must be based on the right thing. Paul could have easily pivoted from fear or fatigue or loneliness but he pivoted on the statement:

We need a clear view of our pivot point.

• Horizontal and vertical impartation enabled Paul to have a clear view of his pivot point.

• Your relationship with the body of Christ enables you to keep a clear view of what God is saying to you.

• Your relationship with God enables you to keep a realistic view of what your brothers and sisters are saying to you.

• These two relationships need to become normal in your life.

FULFILLMENT

 24 but it is more necessary for you that I remain in the body. 25 Convinced of this, I know that I will remain, and I will continue with all of you for your progress and joy in the faith, 26 so that through my being with you again your boasting in Christ Jesus will abound on account of me.

Paul said

• I will remain.

• I will continue with all of you for your progress and joy in the faith.

• So that my being with you again, your boasting in Christ Jesus will abound on account of me.

Paul's statement "your boasting in Christ Jesus will abound on account of me" means:

• His cooperative partnership as well as his presence and work among the Philippians will increase their joy and praise of Christ.

• Through a deep connectivity, they will witness the work of Christ in and through Paul.

Paul's survival and return to the Philippians will:

• Give them even more reason to rejoice and boast in Christ.

• Allow them to witness the power and grace of Christ manifested in Paul's deliverance and continued ministry.

Paul’s heart for the Philippians is a powerful lesson on the dynamic relationship between leadership and the church.  

• Most people would agree that leadership’s job is to empower the church.

• HOWEVER…Did you know that you as the church can empower your leadership? 

• It is quite possible that Paul might not have had the resolve to say, “For to me, to live is Christ and to die is gain” without the partnership that He had with the Philippian believers.

This is what Paul went through

2 Corinthians 11:23-27 (written approx. 5-7 years before Philippians)  23 Are they servants of Christ? (I am out of my mind to talk like this.) I am more. I have worked much harder, been in prison more frequently, been flogged more severely, and been exposed to death again and again. 24 Five times I received from the Jews the forty lashes minus one. 25 Three times I was beaten with rods, once I was pelted with stones, three times I was shipwrecked, I spent a night and a day in the open sea, 26 I have been constantly on the move. I have been in danger from rivers, in danger from bandits, in danger from my fellow Jews, in danger from Gentiles; in danger in the city, in danger in the country, in danger at sea; and in danger from false believers. 27 I have labored and toiled and have often gone without sleep; I have known hunger and thirst and have often gone without food; I have been cold and naked.

Paul was most likely in his early to mid-fifties when he was in prison writing to the Philippians. 

• God has designed the Church to increase in power and anointing when we are all connected.

• Furthermore, as you as a body are connected, the preached Word of God will take root and grow exponentially.  This will empower your leadership to empower you.  

Determination, Perspective, and Fulfillment

We must become a biblically normal church.  We may not be typical, but we must live normal Christian lives.

How the early church was created and expanded:

Acts 1  To the ends of the earth.

6 Then they gathered around him and asked him, “Lord, are you at this time going to restore the kingdom to Israel?”

7 He said to them: “It is not for you to know the times or dates the Father has set by his own authority. 8 But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit comes on you; and you will be my witnesses in Jerusalem, and in all Judea and Samaria, and to the ends of the earth.”

Acts 2  The Holy Spirit baptized the believers, Peter preached the Gospel, and 3000 were saved in a day.

41 Those who accepted his message were baptized, and about three thousand were added to their number that day.

Acts 2  The believers adopted a lifestyle that enabled them to preserve what God was doing and position the early Church for further growth…every day “those” were being saved.

42 They devoted themselves to the apostles’ teaching and to fellowship, to the breaking of bread and to prayer. 43 Everyone was filled with awe at the many wonders and signs performed by the apostles. 44 All the believers were together and had everything in common. 45 They sold property and possessions to give to anyone who had need. 46 Every day they continued to meet together in the temple courts. They broke bread in their homes and ate together with glad and sincere hearts, 47 praising God and enjoying the favor of all the people. And the Lord added to their number daily those who were being saved.

Acts 5   A few short weeks later the Sanhedrin admitted that the apostles had filled Jerusalem with the Gospel.

27 The apostles were brought in and made to appear before the Sanhedrin to be questioned by the high priest. 28 “We gave you strict orders not to teach in this name,” he said. “Yet you have filled Jerusalem with your teaching and are determined to make us guilty of this man’s blood.”

Acts 19  Paul preached in Ephesus for two years… his ministry was so effective that the entire Roman province of Asia heard the word of the Lord (Asia, also known as Phrygia was a large area located in what is now western Turkey.  Scholars believe there were 80,000 or more followers of Jesus by the year 100 and by the year 200, the province of Asia Minor was largely Christian.

19 While Apollos was at Corinth, Paul took the road through the interior and arrived at Ephesus. There he found some disciples 2 and asked them, “Did you receive the Holy Spirit when you believed?”

They answered, “No, we have not even heard that there is a Holy Spirit.”

3 So Paul asked, “Then what baptism did you receive?”

“John’s baptism,” they replied.

4 Paul said, “John’s baptism was a baptism of repentance. He told the people to believe in the one coming after him, that is, in Jesus.” 5 On hearing this, they were baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus. 6 When Paul placed his hands on them, the Holy Spirit came on them, and they spoke in tongues[b] and prophesied. 7 There were about twelve men in all.

8 Paul entered the synagogue and spoke boldly there for three months, arguing persuasively about the kingdom of God. 9 But some of them became obstinate; they refused to believe and publicly maligned the Way. So Paul left them. He took the disciples with him and had discussions daily in the lecture hall of Tyrannus. 10 This went on for two years, so that all the Jews and Greeks who lived in the province of Asia heard the word of the Lord.

Romans 15  Paul preached himself out of a job.  He raised up ministry in a very vast region and was ready to do it again as far away as Spain.  

18 I will not venture to speak of anything except what Christ has accomplished through me in leading the Gentiles to obey God by what I have said and done— 19 by the power of signs and wonders, through the power of the Spirit of God. So from Jerusalem all the way around to Illyricum, I have fully proclaimed the gospel of Christ. 20 It has always been my ambition to preach the gospel where Christ was not known, so that I would not be building on someone else’s foundation. 21 Rather, as it is written:

“Those who were not told about him will see,

    and those who have not heard will understand.”

22 This is why I have often been hindered from coming to you.

23 But now that there is no more place for me to work in these regions, and since I have been longing for many years to visit you, 24 I plan to do so when I go to Spain. I hope to see you while passing through and to have you assist me on my journey there, after I have enjoyed your company for a while.

Acts 2

42 They devoted themselves to the apostles’ teaching and to fellowship, to the breaking of bread and to prayer. 43 Everyone was filled with awe at the many wonders and signs performed by the apostles. 44 All the believers were together and had everything in common. 45 They sold property and possessions to give to anyone who had need. 46 Every day they continued to meet together in the temple courts. They broke bread in their homes and ate together with glad and sincere hearts, 47 praising God and enjoying the favor of all the people. And the Lord added to their number daily those who were being saved.

• Teaching.

• Fellowship.

• Breaking bread.

• Prayer.

• Awe at the works of God.

• Sharing with those in need.

• Broke bread in their homes gladness and sincere hearts.

• Praising God.

• Favor with all people.

• Evangelism.

Philippians 1

27 Whatever happens, conduct yourselves (politeuomai to conduct yourself as a citizen) in a manner worthy of the gospel of Christ. Then, whether I come and see you or only hear about you in my absence, I will know that you stand firm in the one Spirit, striving together as one for the faith of the gospel 28 without being frightened in any way by those who oppose you. This is a sign to them that they will be destroyed, but that you will be saved—and that by God. 29 For it has been granted to you on behalf of Christ not only to believe in him, but also to suffer for him, 30 since you are going through the same struggle you saw I had, and now hear that I still have.

Philippians 3

20 But our citizenship (politeuma) is in heaven. And we eagerly await a Savior from there, the Lord Jesus Christ, 21 who, by the power that enables him to bring everything under his control, will transform our lowly bodies so that they will be like his glorious body.

Paul is writing from prison to a small church in despair in a hostile culture.  

• Our world and Paul’s world have some dramatic similarities.

• Godless culture, Godless government.

• Many Christians are looking at our declining culture and wondering what God wants us to do about it.

• Rapidly growing Christianity in diverse locations...some areas having just a pocket of authentic Christianity while others are booming  

• God’s plan to expand the Church is exactly the same today as it was 2000 years ago

• The modern Church has deviated from God’s plan and has embraced the ways of the world in an effort to grow…

• The church is not IBM or General Motors. The church is a living organism and is the Bride of Christ.

• God intends to give the Church the upper hand in societal change as well as a harvest of souls that will sweep our culture. THE LOCAL CHURCH IS A CRITICAL COMPONENT OF WHAT GOD IS ABOUT TO DO IN THE EARTH!

• God wants a moral, Christ-honoring society in which people find Jesus as Lord.

• God wants to be glorified in our culture.

• God wants to instill in you today the confidence that He is at work building His Kingdom and that you are at a critical time in human history.

• A REVIVAL OF PARTICIPATION NOT JUST OBSERVATION.

Philippians 1:27-30

27 Whatever happens, conduct yourselves in a manner worthy of the gospel of Christ. Then, whether I come and see you or only hear about you in my absence, I will know that you stand firm in the one Spirit, striving together as one for the faith of the gospel 28 without being frightened in any way by those who oppose you. This is a sign to them that they will be destroyed, but that you will be saved—and that by God. 29 For it has been granted to you on behalf of Christ not only to believe in him, but also to suffer for him, 30 since you are going through the same struggle you saw I had, and now hear that I still have.

• Conduct yourselves in a manner worthy of the Gospel of Christ.  Be a citizen of God's Kingdom.

• Stand firm in one Spirit - the power of covenant - invincible

• Without being frightened by those who oppose you.  Fearless.

• Become a sign - how long has it been since the church was a sign (not the building or the programs the people) The church is actually supposed to be a sign to the world pointing to heaven in Jesus!

• Believe and suffer (same struggle as Paul). The battle will not be easy but it will be massively fruitful.

What we are called to do

• We must become a colony of God’s Kingdom in a hostile culture. - God has a plan for this.

• Back to Acts 2 right after Pentecost

• We are called to advance the Kingdom...significantly

• We are called to build the true Church spiritually, relying on our citizenship in heaven, not on the ways of this world.  

Paul Prescribes a Plan in Philippians 2:

1 Therefore if you have any encouragement from being united with Christ, if any comfort from his love, if any common sharing in the Spirit, if any tenderness and compassion, 2 then make my joy complete by being like-minded, having the same love, being one in spirit and of one mind. 3 Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves, 4 not looking to your own interests but each of you to the interests of the others.

5 In your relationships with one another, have the same mindset as Christ Jesus:

6 Who, being in very nature God,

did not consider equality with God something to be used to his own advantage;

7 rather, he made himself nothing

by taking the very nature of a servant,

being made in human likeness.

8 And being found in appearance as a man,

he humbled himself

by becoming obedient to death—

even death on a cross!

9 Therefore God exalted him to the highest place

and gave him the name that is above every name,

10 that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow,

in heaven and on earth and under the earth,

11 and every tongue acknowledge that Jesus Christ is Lord,

to the glory of God the Father.

12 Therefore, my dear friends, as you have always obeyed—not only in my presence, but now much more in my absence—continue to work out your salvation with fear and trembling, 13 for it is God who works in you to will and to act in order to fulfill his good purpose.

14 Do everything without grumbling or arguing, 15 so that you may become blameless and pure, “children of God without fault in a warped and crooked generation.” Then you will shine among them like stars in the sky 16 as you hold firmly to the word of life. And then I will be able to boast on the day of Christ that I did not run or labor in vain. 17 But even if I am being poured out like a drink offering on the sacrifice and service coming from your faith, I am glad and rejoice with all of you. 18 So you too should be glad and rejoice with me.

What we must be: 

• Like-minded - covenant community… invincibility

• Value others above yourself

• Have the same mindset as Christ Jesus

• Those that work out our salvation with fear and trembling - how we should live

• Do everything without grumbling or arguing

The Gospel is not about what we do it’s about who we are….  What we do is a result of who we are.  

• Where the Gospel is growing the fastest in world, the Church does not have all the stuff that distracts us from these things.  China, Africa, South America, ethnic ghettos of New York City.  

• Most churches today are like going to a movie.  No interaction, no life… Just show up and watch a performance.

• We need to get rid of the things that prevent the life of Christ in the church and our lives. Consumerism, media overload, worldliness.

• When the local church as a community purposes to do these things, in the power of the Holy Spirit (stand firm in the one Spirit),  there is a spiritual transformation that occurs in our lives, our church, our city, and our culture.

God has called us with a simple calling:

• to: become blameless and pure, “children of God without fault in a warped and crooked generation.” Then you will shine among them like stars in the sky as you hold firmly to the word of life.

• This is God's plan for this church and for your individual life. He purposes to bless you and empower you and equip you for the next move of God which is about to happen but is already in the works. You have been placed in this time of History to participate in his move.

• My simple question is… Who’s on board?

Philippians 2:1-11

1 Therefore if you have any encouragement from being united with Christ, if any comfort from his love, if any common sharing in the Spirit, if any tenderness and compassion, 2 then make my joy complete by being like-minded, having the same love, being one in spirit and of one mind. 3 Do nothing out of selfish ambition or vain conceit. Rather, in humility value others above yourselves, 4 not looking to your own interests but each of you to the interests of the others.

5 In your relationships with one another, have the same mindset as Christ Jesus:

6 Who, being in very nature God,

    did not consider equality with God something to be used to his own advantage;

7 rather, he made himself nothing

    by taking the very nature of a servant,

    being made in human likeness.

8 And being found in appearance as a man,

    he humbled himself

    by becoming obedient to death—

        even death on a cross!

9 Therefore God exalted him to the highest place

    and gave him the name that is above every name,

10 that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow,

    in heaven and on earth and under the earth,

11 and every tongue acknowledge that Jesus Christ is Lord,

    to the glory of God the Father.

Intro:  In Philippians 2:1-11, Paul intertwines a compelling call to unity and humility among believers with the supreme example of Jesus Christ. 

• He begins by urging the Philippians to draw from their deep well of spiritual blessings in Christ to foster a godly community marked by mutual understanding, love, and a shared spirit. 

• This unity, Paul argues, is realized through a humility that mirrors that of Christ—a humility that led Him from divine glory to the humility of human form, and further, to the depths of obedience to death on a cross.

•  Through this unparalleled demonstration of humility and subsequent exaltation by God, Christ not only establishes the path of selflessness and servitude for His followers but also ensures that His Lordship is acknowledged universally to the glory of God the Father. 

• This passage, therefore, not only calls Christians to live in a manner worthy of Christ’s example but also anchors their motivation in the ultimate victory and recognition of Jesus as Lord.

I. Exhortation to Unity and Humility (Verses 1-4)

• A. Foundations of Christian Unity (v. 1): Encouragement in Christ, comfort from love, common sharing (κοινωνία) in the Spirit, tenderness, and compassion.

• B. The Call for Unity and Humility (v. 2): Paul's plea for like-mindedness, love, and unity to fulfill his joy.

• C. Guidelines for Humble Relationships (v. 3): Avoidance of selfish ambition and vain conceit; the emphasis on humility and considering others superior.

• D. Looking Beyond Personal Interests (v. 4): The encouragement to look out for the interests of others, expanding the scope of care beyond oneself.

II. Christ's Example of Humility and Exaltation (Verses 5-11)

A. The Mind of Christ (v. 5): An introduction to Christ’s mindset as an example for believers.

B. The Humility of Christ (Verses 6-8)

• 1. Pre-incarnate Glory and Renunciation (v. 6): Christ’s divine status and His voluntary choice to not exploit it for His own advantage.

• 2. Incarnation and Servanthood (v. 7): Jesus' taking on humanity and servanthood, highlighting His humility and obedience.

• 3. The Depths of Humility (v. 8): Christ's obedience to death on a cross, showcasing the ultimate form of humility and sacrifice.

C. The Exaltation of Christ (Verses 9-11)

• 1. God’s Response to Humility (v. 9): God's exaltation of Jesus to the highest place, granting Him the name above every name as a reward for His humility.

• 2. Universal Acknowledgment of Christ's Lordship (vv. 10-11a): The prophecy that every knee will bow and every tongue will confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, across all realms of existence.

• 3. The Purpose of Christ’s Exaltation (v. 11b): The glorification of God the Father through the acknowledgment of Jesus’ Lordship.

Outline of Philippians 2:12-18

1. Exhortation to Obedience (verses 12-13)

   • Work Out Salvation: Paul encourages the believers to continue working out their salvation with fear and trembling, emphasizing their continuous, active role in the development of their Christian life.

   • God's Work Within: It highlights that God works in the believers to will and to act according to His good purpose, underscoring divine transformation.

2. Call to a Blameless Life (verses 14-16)

   • Without Grumbling or Arguing: Urges living without grumbling or arguing, setting Christians apart from broader society.

   • Shine Among Them: By living blamelessly, believers shine like stars among a "warped and crooked generation," contrasting Christian and worldly behaviors and mindsets.

   • Holding Firmly to the Word of Life: Advises holding firmly to the gospel as a guide and source of hope and truth.

3. Paul's Personal Reflection on Service and Sacrifice (verses 17-18)

   • Being "Poured Out" as a Drink Offering: Paul's life as a sacrifice in the service of faith, showing willingness to suffer for Christ.

   • Joy in Sacrifice: Despite suffering, Paul expresses joy and invites the Philippians to rejoice with him, highlighting communal joy in faith.

• Obedience: A call for continuous, active pursuit of a life that aligns with God's will.

• Humility: Acknowledging God's role in their lives, recognizing that their ability to will and act is empowered by Him.

• Responsibility: Personal effort and commitment are necessary to grow in faith and holiness.

• Trust in Divine Providence: Relying on God's wisdom and timing rather than one's own understanding.

• Gratitude and Contentment: Demonstrating gratitude for God's provision and contentment in circumstances.

• Purity and Blamelessness: Reflecting God’s holiness through moral integrity and commitment to the gospel.

• Joy and Rejoicing: Rooting joy in the relationship with Christ and the support among believers, despite challenges.

• Witness: Bearing witness to the gospel through distinctiveness in character and conduct.

• Holding Firmly to the Word of Life: Maintaining faith and integrity, keeping the message of Christ central.

Applying Philippians 2:12-18 

To embody the virtues and attitudes encouraged in Philippians 2:12-18, here are practical action points for believers and churches:

1. Pursue Personal Spiritual Growth: Engage in prayer and Bible study; seek God's will daily.

2. Cultivate Humility: Prioritize others' needs; recognize God's role in your life.

3. Demonstrate Obedience and Responsibility: Follow through on commitments; consistently live out faith.

4. Facilitate a Community of Unity and Love: Resolve conflicts lovingly; support each other in faith.

5. Practice Gratitude and Contentment: Share testimonies of thankfulness; teach contentment in Christ.

6. Live a Life of Purity and Blamelessness: Maintain integrity; support those who stumble with gentleness.

7. Rejoice in All Circumstances: Celebrate God’s work in your lives; share reasons for joy in Christ.

8. Be a Light in the Community: Serve and love others; equip members to share their faith.

9. Hold Firmly to the Word of Life: Encourage Bible study and application; provide biblical resources.

10. Participate in Sacrificial Worship: Dedicate times for worship in the form of giving and serving.

19 I hope in the Lord Jesus to send Timothy to you soon, that I also may be cheered when I receive news about you. 20 I have no one else like him, who will show genuine concern for your welfare. 21 For everyone looks out for their own interests, not those of Jesus Christ. 22 But you know that Timothy has proved himself, because as a son with his father he has served with me in the work of the gospel. 23 I hope, therefore, to send him as soon as I see how things go with me. 24 And I am confident in the Lord that I myself will come soon.

25 But I think it is necessary to send back to you Epaphroditus, my brother, co-worker and fellow soldier, who is also your messenger, whom you sent to take care of my needs. 26 For he longs for all of you and is distressed because you heard he was ill. 27 Indeed he was ill, and almost died. But God had mercy on him, and not on him only but also on me, to spare me sorrow upon sorrow. 28 Therefore I am all the more eager to send him, so that when you see him again you may be glad and I may have less anxiety. 29 So then, welcome him in the Lord with great joy, and honor people like him, 30 because he almost died for the work of Christ. He risked his life to make up for the help you yourselves could not give me.

Outline of Philippians 2:19-30

1. Plans to Send Timothy (vv. 19-24)

   • Paul's Hope to Send Timothy Soon (v. 19): Paul expresses his hope to send Timothy to Philippi to check on the believers' welfare, contingent upon how things go with Paul's own situation.

   • Timothy’s Qualities (vv. 20-22): Timothy is described as genuinely caring for the Philippians' welfare, unlike others who seek their own interests. His proven worth is noted, having served with Paul in the gospel like a son with a father.

   • Paul's Current Situation and Plans (vv. 23-24): Paul plans to send Timothy shortly, hoping that knowing the outcome of his own circumstances will bring him joy. He is confident in the Lord that he himself will also come soon.

2. Affirmation of Epaphroditus (vv. 25-30)

   • Epaphroditus' Role and Sacrifice (vv. 25-27): Epaphroditus is introduced as Paul’s brother, co-worker, and fellow soldier, who the Philippians also sent to take care of Paul's needs. He had been ill and nearly died, but God had mercy on him, and not only on him but also on Paul, sparing Paul sorrow upon sorrow.  Epaphroditus was distressed when because the Philippians heard he was ill.

   • Paul’s Reasons for Sending Epaphroditus Back (vv. 28-30): Paul is eager to send Epaphroditus back so that the Philippians might rejoice and Paul might have less anxiety. Epaphroditus is praised for his work and near-death experience for the work of Christ, risking his life to make up for the help the Philippians could not give Paul.

Aspects of Epaphroditus' Ministry

1. Messenger and Minister to Paul's Needs
   Epaphroditus served as a messenger and tended to Paul's needs, exemplifying service and support within the Christian community.
   "Yet it was good of you to share in my troubles. Moreover, as you Philippians know, in the early days of your acquaintance with the gospel, when I set out from Macedonia, not one church shared with me in the matter of giving and receiving, except you only; for even when I was in Thessalonica, you sent me aid more than once when I was in need." (Philippians 4:14-16)

2. Bearer of Gifts
   Epaphroditus was responsible for delivering gifts to Paul, providing him with support during his imprisonment.
   "I have received full payment and have more than enough. I am amply supplied, now that I have received from Epaphroditus the gifts you sent. They are a fragrant offering, an acceptable sacrifice, pleasing to God." (Philippians 4:18)

3. Risk-Taker for the Sake of the Gospel
   Epaphroditus risked his life for the ministry, showing the depth of his commitment and sacrifice for the gospel.
   "Honor such people, because he almost died for the work of Christ. He risked his life to make up for the help you yourselves could not give me." (Philippians 2:29-30)

4. Example of Fellowship and Brotherhood
   The relationship between Paul and Epaphroditus shows the deep fellowship among believers and their commitment to the gospel.
   "But I think it is necessary to send back to you Epaphroditus, my brother, co-worker and fellow soldier, who is also your messenger, whom you sent to take care of my needs." (Philippians 2:25)

How to Find and Maintain Close Partners in Christ

• Identify Shared Values: Look for individuals who share your spiritual goals and values. These people should inspire you to pursue greater faithfulness and commitment to God.
  "Do not be misled: ‘Bad company corrupts good character.’" (1 Corinthians 15:33)

• Pray for Guidance: Ask God to lead you to individuals who can be part of your spiritual journey and support network.
  "One who has unreliable friends soon comes to ruin, but there is a friend who sticks closer than a brother." Proverbs 18:24

• Engage in Fellowship: Regularly participate in church and small group activities to meet and connect with potential spiritual partners.
  "Let us not give up meeting together, as some are in the habit of doing, but let us encourage one another—and all the more as you see the Day approaching." (Hebrews 10:25)

• Commit to Transparency: Build relationships based on honesty and vulnerability. This creates a foundation of trust and deep connection.
  "Therefore confess your sins to each other and pray for each other so that you may be healed. The prayer of a righteous person is powerful and effective." (James 5:16)

• Support and Encourage Regularly: Make a habit of supporting and encouraging each other through life’s challenges and spiritual growth.
  "Therefore encourage one another and build each other up, just as in fact you are doing." (1 Thessalonians 5:11)

• Hold Each Other Accountable: Maintain a culture of accountability to help each other stay on track spiritually.
  "As iron sharpens iron, so one person sharpens another." (Proverbs 27:17)

Outline

1. Rejoicing and Warning (Verses 1-3)

• Verse 1: Paul encourages joy in the Lord and justifies repeating his warnings for their safety.

• Verses 2-3: Warning against the "dogs," the "evildoers," and the "mutilators of the flesh" who rely on physical circumcision, contrasting with the true circumcision of Christians who worship by the Spirit of God, glory in Christ Jesus, and put no confidence in the flesh.

2. Paul’s Personal Testimony (Verses 4-7)

• Verse 4: Paul claims that he has more reason than others to have confidence in the flesh.

• Verses 5-6: Listing his credentials: circumcised on the eighth day, of the tribe of Benjamin, a Hebrew of Hebrews; as to the law, a Pharisee; as to zeal, persecuting the church; as to righteousness under the law, blameless.

• Verse 7: However, all these gains he now considers loss for the sake of Christ.

3. The Surpassing Worth of Knowing Christ (Verses 8-11)

• Verse 8: Paul regards everything as loss compared to the surpassing worth of knowing Christ Jesus, for whom he has lost all things, considering them garbage, that he may gain Christ.

• Verses 9-11: Desires not to have a righteousness of his own from the law, but through faith in Christ, the righteousness from God. He aims to know Christ, the power of His resurrection, and the participation in His sufferings, becoming like Him in His death, and so, somehow, to attain the resurrection from the dead.

4. Pressing on Toward the Goal (Verses 12-14)

• Verse 12: Paul acknowledges he has not yet obtained all this, nor has been made perfect, but he presses on to take hold of that for which Christ Jesus took hold of him.

• Verse 13: He does not consider himself yet to have taken hold of it, but he forgets what is behind and strains toward what is ahead.

• Verse 14: He presses on toward the goal to win the prize for which God has called him heavenward in Christ Jesus.

Outline of Philippians 3:15-21

I. A Call to Maturity and Unity in Purpose (vv. 15-16)

Maturity in Thought: Paul encourages those who are mature to adopt his perspective concerning righteousness and the Christian journey.

Unity in Practice: Even if believers differ in understanding, Paul trusts that God will clarify any misunderstandings, urging unity in following the example set by him.

II. Warning Against Enemies of the Cross (vv. 17-19)

Follow the Right Example: Paul instructs the believers to follow his example and take note of those who live according to the pattern he set.

Identifying the Enemies: Describing those who live as enemies of the cross of Christ, characterized by their earthly desires, whose end is destruction.

III. Citizenship in Heaven (vv. 20-21)

Heavenly Citizenship: Believers are reminded that their true citizenship is in heaven, and they should eagerly await the Savior, the Lord Jesus Christ.

Transformational Hope: The power that will transform our lowly bodies to be like his glorious body, highlighting the ultimate hope and transformation that awaits believers.

Philippians and the Concept of Citizenship

I. Philippi as a Roman Colony

Civic Duty and Identity: Residents of Philippi would have a dual identity—local and Roman. As Roman citizens, they had privileges and responsibilities, including promoting Roman law, culture, and imperial loyalty.

Purpose of Roman Colonization: Roman colonies like Philippi were established to secure Roman interests and extend influence. The colonists were meant to be little pieces of Rome, demonstrating and ensuring the dominance of Roman ways.

II. The Church as a Heavenly Colony

Spiritual Identity and Citizenship: Just as Philippian citizens were expected to embody Roman values, Christian believers are called to embody heavenly values. This reflects Paul's instruction using politeuma to remind them that their true allegiance is to their citizenship in heaven (Philippians 3:20).

Living Out Kingdom Values: By using politeuomai (Philippians 1:27), Paul encourages the church to demonstrate the lifestyle of the Kingdom of God actively. This involves exhibiting Christ-like qualities such as humility, service, and love, contrasting the often self-serving Roman virtues.

III. Communicating the Message in a Foreign Culture

Strategic Cultural Engagement: The church in Philippi was situated in a multicultural and idolatrous setting, much like a Roman colony in a foreign land. Paul's call for the believers to live according to heavenly standards is a directive to positively influence their surrounding culture, just as Roman citizens would with Roman culture.

Adaptation and Proclamation: The believers were to adapt to their cultural context without compromising their heavenly citizenship. Their lifestyle and interactions would serve as a proclamation of the gospel, reflecting the character of their King and the values of His Kingdom.

IV. The Transformative Power of the Gospel

Transformation of Believers: Paul speaks of the power that will transform their "lowly bodies" to be like Christ’s glorious body (Philippians 3:21). This transformation is spiritual and moral, enabling them to effectively live out their heavenly citizenship and promising our ultimate transformation in Heaven. 

Impact on the Surrounding Society: As the believers live out their faith, the surrounding society would witness a distinctly different way of life that challenges local customs and introduces divine principles of justice, peace, and salvation.

Conclusion

Paul strategically uses the concept of citizenship to challenge the Philippian believers to consider their role as agents of the Kingdom of Heaven. By paralleling their situation with that of Roman colonists, he underscores the transformative and counter-cultural mission they are to undertake. Just as Roman colonists were to romanize their surroundings, Christians are to "heavenize" their world by living out and proclaiming the values and truths of the Gospel. This powerful metaphor frames their identity and mission as they navigate their responsibilities as citizens of both heaven and their earthly contexts.

Outline of Philippians 4

1. Exhortation to Unity and Rejoicing (Philippians 4:1-4)

   • A. Stand firm in the Lord (v. 1)

   • B. Appeal to Euodia and Syntyche for unity (v. 2)

   • C. Encouragement to help these women (v. 3)

   • D. Call to rejoice in the Lord always (v. 4)

2. Encouragement to Pray and Receive God's Peace (Philippians 4:5-7)

   • A. Let your gentleness be evident to all (v. 5)

   • B. Do not be anxious, but pray with thanksgiving (v. 6)

   • C. The peace of God will guard your hearts and minds (v. 7)

3. Call to Right Thinking and Practice (Philippians 4:8-9)

   • A. Focus on what is true, noble, right, pure, lovely, admirable, excellent, and praiseworthy (v. 8)

   • B. Practice what you have learned, received, heard, and seen in Paul (v. 9)

4. Paul’s Gratitude for the Philippians' Support (Philippians 4:10-20)

   • A. Rejoicing in the Philippians' renewed concern (v. 10)

   • B. Paul’s contentment in all circumstances (v. 11-13)

     • 1. Learned to be content in any situation (v. 11)

     • 2. Strength through Christ (v. 13)

   • C. Acknowledgment of the Philippians' generosity (v. 14-18)

     • 1. Shared in Paul’s troubles (v. 14)

     • 2. Giving and receiving partnership (v. 15)

     • 3. Gifts as a fragrant offering to God (v. 18)

   • D. Assurance of God’s provision (v. 19)

   • E. Glory to God (v. 20)

5. Final Greetings (Philippians 4:21-23)

   • A. Greetings to all God’s people (v. 21)

   • B. Greetings from those with Paul (v. 22)

   • C. Benediction (v. 23)